Welcome
dear students welcome to the chapter thermodynamics in this chapter we start
with knowing the basic terminologies in
this module because understanding these basic terminologies we can understand the chapter better ok let’s
see what is the basic terminologies that we are going to studied in this
module very very basic terms involved in this chapter first of all
what do you mean by thermodynamics , thermodynamics is a branch of physics which deals basically
with the conversion of heat energy into
mechanical work or mechanical work into heat energy so it is the branch of
physics which deals with a transfer energy from one place to another and
conversion of heat energy into mechanical work or vice versa that is
thermodynamics for me. Let’s see a simple example I got a cylinder me with me
which is fitted with piston you can see on the screen and which has ideal gas
in it. I supply heat energy how much I supply heat energy dQ amount of heat
energy has been supplied and this energy what it does please observe that then
you understand the meaning of thermodynamics this dQ supplied increases the
volume of gas that is implies pushing the piston upward so dW amount of work is
done how much work will be done dW
amount of work is done so heat energy supply is converted into work and that is
what is thermodynamics all about yeah let’s
try to understand different types of system . what do you mean by thermodynamic
system surrounding all that thermodynamic system is the quantity of matter
certain quantity of matter having fixed identity and mass let’s see what is
that A certain quantity of matter part of the matter having fixed identity and
mass we call it thermodynamic system example, don’t think big about
thermodynamic system is little water you’re got going to boil that and then
that water becomes a system for you maybe I have gas in a cylinder that is a
system for me look at this example water in a beaker may be 50 cc water Is that
it is a system for you , you are expecting that , yes look at that In a
container I’ve got gas that is a system for me having fixed identity and mass let’s
see what is surrounding you must understand that anything other than the system
in this universe become surrounding matter outside the system that becomes
surroundings . so you have to understand that thermodynamic system continuously
interacts the matter outside the system and that matter outside the system we
are calling it as surrounding look at that delicious coffee may be a tea is
presented in the cup that is the system for me now this system is a tea or
coffee remember it interacts something outside matter outside and that part
which is outside the system we are calling it as surrounding we go into
different types of system right now what do you mean by open system , open
system involves exchange of heat energy and matter between system and
surrounding that system I m calling it as open system if there is exchange of
heat and matter takes place between system and surrounding call that system as
open system look at this piston and cylinder you can see in the picture which
has gas in it and you supply the heat energy when you supply heat energy you
can see that the gas expands work has been done yes excess heat energy is there
what happened to the excess heat energy that will got . so it has got exchange
of heat energy as well as matter and that system we are calling it is the open
system lets go to the closed system means what a system in which you have got
only action exchange of heat but not matter that is absolutely no matter
exchange yes, if the exchange is only heat energy not the matter between the
system and surrounding we call it as a closed system. cylinder provide with the
piston having the ideal gas you supply heat energy remember only the heat
energy exchange between the system and surrounding not the matter you can seen
that work has been done but there is no matter to exchange let’s see what is that
work done dW amount of work done but no
amount of matter exchanged between system and surrounding yes will know it
isolated system no exchange of heat and matter between the system and
surroundings let’s see that example no exchange of matter and heat between the
system and surroundings look at this thermally isolated system nothing is going
to inside neither heat not the matter the system is called as isolated
system non conducting wall … thank you.
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