Hello
students welcome to the new chapter called state of matter in this chapter we
are going to learn some interesting facts about the word matter so in this
module will learn introduction to state of matter. let me start with the word
matter as we all know matter is anything
that occupies the space possesses mass
for example this chair and table or a glass of water or some balloon containing air so if I concentrate on this I
come across with the new classification that matter is going to get classified into three
different types that is called solid other one liquid and one more is called
gases so along with these three we having some more state of matter like plasma
boseeinstein condensate, fermionic condensate,
quark condensate thought wave along with these three so let me concentrate on
these three types called solid liquid
and gases . if u look at these pictures you can come across with the
some interesting facts that the faster picture is tightly bond nothing but solid second one is slightly distributed
nothing but liquid last one is completely dispersed nothing but gases so by
looking at this picture I think I can make out some interesting points with
respect to this point number 1 if I concentrate on shape for solid this is
perfect If I concentrate on liquid there
is no perfect shape if I concentrate on gas and similar to the liquid there is
no shape for gas also. If I concentrate on volume solid has got volume liquid
has got volume but there is no volume for gases. I got there intermolecular
force of attraction and on the word
about that nothing but this particular word is very much essential for these
two particular parameter for shape and volume so what is intermolecular force
of attraction it is the attraction between two atoms if it is very much strong
I will be having a solid shape but it is very ,very less then there is no shape
and there is no volume so if I concentrate on intermolecular force of
attraction it is very much strong in case of solids it is very weak in case of
liquids and very week in case of gases so If I want a next point nothing but
packing efficiency if I concentrate on packing solid are having closely packed
structure if I concentrate on liquid is loosely packed if I concentrate on
gases it is very loosely packed if I concentrate on next word called density we
know the word density what is density it is nothing but mass by volume . if I
concentrate on packing of this particular thing it is closely packed nothing
but mass by volume is more in case of solids . so in case of liquid it is
slightly less in case of gases it is very very less there for density is very
high in case of for solids and it is very least
in case of gases and is
intermediate to solids and gases in case of liquids. So in the next point we
are going to learn about the word called flow ability so the word of flow
ability means that is the ability to flow which is maximum in case of gases and
less in case of liquids least in case of solids. if I concentrate on
compressibility it is nothing but ability to get compressed it is very high in
case of gases and less in case of liquids
which is very least in case of solids . so there are main two parameters
or condition by which I think these particular matters or wearing those two are
temperature and pressure . if you concentrate on solid I can interconvert this
solid into liquid just by heating and I can interconvert this liquid into gas
just by heating so there is interesting phenomena that I can convert ice into
water this water into steam just by heating so temperature, so the temperature
is the main criteria to convert solid into liquid, liquid into gas similarly I
can convert gas into liquid, liquid into solid by applying pressure . so these
two are very interesting condition by
which I can convert a solid into liquid , liquid into gas now will concentrate
on a new concept where and temperature will play a waiter roll to convert gas
into liquid that means at the high temperature and low pressure gases will
exist at the low temperature and high pressure liquid will exist there for
transformation of liquid to gases can be done by wearing this two condition so
we have to concentrate on high temperature low pressure of gases low
temperature and high pressure for liquids .
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